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AUSCERT External Security Bulletin Redistribution
ESB-2021.3307
Advisory (icsa-21-278-03) Moxa MXview Network Management Software
6 October 2021
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AusCERT Security Bulletin Summary
---------------------------------
Product: Moxa MXview Network Management Software
Publisher: ICS-CERT
Operating System: Windows
Impact/Access: Execute Arbitrary Code/Commands -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Access Privileged Data -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Modify Arbitrary Files -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Create Arbitrary Files -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Denial of Service -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Reduced Security -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Resolution: Patch/Upgrade
CVE Names: CVE-2021-38460 CVE-2021-38458 CVE-2021-38456
CVE-2021-38454 CVE-2021-38452
Original Bulletin:
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-278-03
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ICS Advisory (ICSA-21-278-03)
Moxa MXview Network Management Software
Original release date: October 05, 2021
Legal Notice
All information products included in https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics are provided
"as is" for informational purposes only. The Department of Homeland Security
(DHS) does not provide any warranties of any kind regarding any information
contained within. DHS does not endorse any commercial product or service,
referenced in this product or otherwise. Further dissemination of this product
is governed by the Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) marking in the header. For more
information about TLP, see https://us-cert.cisa.gov/tlp/ .
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
o CVSS v3 10.0
o ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
o Vendor: Moxa
o Equipment: MXview Network Management Software
o Vulnerabilities: Path Traversal, Use of Hard-coded Password, Unprotected
Transport of Credentials, Injection, Improper Access Control
2. RISK EVALUATION
Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities may allow an attacker to
create or overwrite critical files to execute code, gain access to the program,
obtain credentials, disable the software, read and modify otherwise
inaccessible data, allow remote connections to internal communication channels,
or interact and use MQTT remotely.
3. TECHNICAL DETAILS
3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS
The following versions of MXview, a network management software, are affected:
o MXview Network Management Software: Versions 3.x to 3.2.2
3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW
3.2.1 IMPROPER LIMITATION OF A PATHNAME TO A RESTRICTED DIRECTORY ('PATH
TRAVERSAL') CWE-22
A path traversal vulnerability in the application may allow an attacker to
create or overwrite critical files used to execute code, such as programs or
libraries.
CVE-2021-38452 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/
C:N/I:H/A:N ).
3.2.2 USE OF HARD-CODED PASSWORD CWE-259
The affected product uses hard-coded passwords, which may allow an attacker to
gain access through accounts using default passwords.
CVE-2021-38456 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:H/A:H ).
3.2.3 UNPROTECTED TRANSPORT OF CREDENTIALS CWE-523
The affected product is vulnerable to password leakage, which may allow an
attacker to obtain credentials through unprotected transport.
CVE-2021-38460 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:N/A:N ).
3.2.4 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS IN OUTPUT USED BY A
DOWNSTREAM COMPONENT ('INJECTION') CWE-74
The affected product is vulnerable to improper neutralization of special
elements, which may allow an attacker to remotely execute unauthorized
commands. This could allow an attacker to disable software or read and modify
otherwise inaccessible data.
CVE-2021-38458 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:H/A:H ).
3.2.5 IMPROPER ACCESS CONTROL CWE-284
The affected product has a misconfigured service that allows remote connections
to internal communication channels, which may allow an attacker to interact and
use MQTT remotely.
CVE-2021-38454 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
10.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/
C:H/I:H/A:N ).
3.3 BACKGROUND
o CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing, Energy,
Transportation Systems
o COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
o COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Taiwan
3.4 RESEARCHER
Noam Moshe from Claroty reported these vulnerabilities to Moxa.
4. MITIGATIONS
Moxa recommends users do the following:
o Upgrade to software package v3.2.4 or higher .
o Users should change their Windows password regularly and use a firewall.
o If users need to use a multiple-site function, Moxa recommends a firewall
to block Port 8883. If users do not have this requirement, Moxa suggests
using the firewall to assign the Accessible IP of MXview at the client
site.
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of
exploitation of this vulnerability. Specifically, users should:
o Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems,
and ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet .
o Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls, and
isolate them from the business network.
o When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private
Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be
updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only
as secure as its connected devices.
CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk
assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices
on the ICS webpage on us-cert.cisa.gov . Several recommended practices are
available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control
Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies .
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available
on the ICS webpage on us-cert.cisa.gov in the Technical Information Paper,
ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation
Strategies .
Organizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their
established internal procedures and report their findings to CISA for tracking
and correlation against other incidents.
No known public exploits specifically target these vulnerabilities.
For any questions related to this report, please contact the CISA at:
Email: CISAservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov
Toll Free: 1-888-282-0870
CISA continuously strives to improve its products and services. You can help by
choosing one of the links below to provide feedback about this product.
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