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AUSCERT External Security Bulletin Redistribution
ESB-2021.1007
Advisory (icsa-21-054-04) Ovarro TBox
24 March 2021
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AusCERT Security Bulletin Summary
---------------------------------
Product: Ovarro TBox
Publisher: ICS-CERT
Operating System: Network Appliance
Impact/Access: Execute Arbitrary Code/Commands -- Existing Account
Modify Arbitrary Files -- Existing Account
Denial of Service -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Access Confidential Data -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Reduced Security -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Resolution: Patch/Upgrade
CVE Names: CVE-2021-22648 CVE-2021-22646 CVE-2021-22644
CVE-2021-22642 CVE-2021-22640
Original Bulletin:
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-054-04
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ICS Advisory (ICSA-21-054-04)
Ovarro TBox
Original release date: March 23, 2021
Legal Notice
All information products included in https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics are provided
"as is" for informational purposes only. The Department of Homeland Security
(DHS) does not provide any warranties of any kind regarding any information
contained within. DHS does not endorse any commercial product or service,
referenced in this product or otherwise. Further dissemination of this product
is governed by the Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) marking in the header. For more
information about TLP, see https://us-cert.cisa.gov/tlp/ .
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
o CVSS v3 8.8
o ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low skill level to exploit
o Vendor: Ovarro
o Equipment: TBoxLT2 (All models), TBox MS-CPU32, TBox MS-CPU32-S2, TBox RM2
(All models), TBox TG2 (All models)
o Vulnerabilities: Code Injection, Incorrect Permission Assignment for
Critical Resource, Uncontrolled Resource Consumption, Insufficiently
Protected Credentials, Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key
2. REPOSTED INFORMATION
This updated advisory is a follow-up to the original advisory titled
ICSA-21-054-04P Ovarro TBox that posted to the HSIN ICS library on February 23,
2021.
3. RISK EVALUATION
Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could result in remote code
execution, which may cause a denial-of-service condition.
4. TECHNICAL DETAILS
4.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS
The following versions of TBox, a remote terminal unit (RTU), are affected:
o TBoxLT2 (All models)
o TBox MS-CPU32
o TBox MS-CPU32-S2
o TBox RM2 (All models)
o TBox TG2 (All models)
o All versions prior to TWinSoft 12.4 and Firmware 1.46
4.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW
4.2.1 IMPROPER CONTROL OF GENERATION OF CODE ('CODE INJECTION') CWE-94
The "ipk" package containing the configuration created by TWinSoft can be
uploaded, extracted, and executed in the TBox, allowing malicious code
execution.
CVE-2021-22646 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
8.8 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/
I:H/A:H ).
4.2.2 INCORRECT PERMISSION ASSIGNMENT FOR CRITICAL RESOURCE CWE-732
The TBox proprietary Modbus file access functions allow attackers to read,
alter, or delete the configuration file.
CVE-2021-22648 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
8.8 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/
I:H/A:H ).
4.2.3 UNCONTROLLED RESOURCE CONSUMPTION CWE-400
An attacker could use specially crafted invalid Modbus frames to crash the
system.
CVE-2021-22642 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
7.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/
I:N/A:H ).
4.2.4 INSUFFICIENTLY PROTECTED CREDENTIALS CWE-522
An attacker can decrypt the login password by communication capture and brute
force attacks.
CVE-2021-22640 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
7.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/
I:N/A:N ).
4.2.5 USE OF HARD-CODED CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY CWE-321
TWinSoft uses the custom hardcoded user "TWinSoft" with a hardcoded key.
CVE-2021-22644 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
7.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/
I:N/A:N ).
4.3 BACKGROUND
o CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
o COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
o COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United Kingdom
4.4 RESEARCHER
Uri Katz of Claroty reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.
5. MITIGATIONS
Ovarro has released TWinSoft Version 12.4 and TBox firmware Version 1.46 to
mitigate these vulnerabilities.
The latest version can be found on www.ovarro.com in the customer support
section (service portal).
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of
exploitation of this vulnerability. Specifically, users should:
o Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems,
and ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet .
o Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls, and
isolate them from the business network.
o When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private
Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be
updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only
as secure as the connected devices.
CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk
assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices
on the ICS webpage on us-cert.cisa.gov . Several recommended practices are
available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control
Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies .
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available
on the ICS webpage on us-cert.cisa.gov in the Technical Information Paper,
ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation
Strategies .
Organizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their
established internal procedures and report their findings to CISA for tracking
and correlation against other incidents.
No known public exploits specifically target these vulnerabilities.
For any questions related to this report, please contact the CISA at:
Email: CISAservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov
Toll Free: 1-888-282-0870
CISA continuously strives to improve its products and services. You can help by
choosing one of the links below to provide feedback about this product.
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