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             AUSCERT External Security Bulletin Redistribution

                               ESB-2020.0304
       ICS Advisory (ICSMA-20-023-01) - GE CAGE CARESCAPE, ApexPro,
                  and Clinical Information Center systems
                              29 January 2020

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        AusCERT Security Bulletin Summary
        ---------------------------------

Product:           GE CARESCAPE, ApexPro, and Clinical Information Center systems
Publisher:         ICS-CERT
Operating System:  Network Appliance
                   Windows
Impact/Access:     Execute Arbitrary Code/Commands -- Remote/Unauthenticated
                   Create Arbitrary Files          -- Remote/Unauthenticated
                   Access Confidential Data        -- Remote/Unauthenticated
                   Unauthorised Access             -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Resolution:        Mitigation
CVE Names:         CVE-2020-6966 CVE-2020-6965 CVE-2020-6964
                   CVE-2020-6963 CVE-2020-6962 CVE-2020-6961

Original Bulletin: 
   https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/advisories/icsma-20-023-01

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ICS Advisory (ICSMA-20-023-01)

GE CARESCAPE, ApexPro, and Clinical Information Center systems

Original release date: January 23, 2020

Legal Notice

All information products included in http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov are
provided"as is" for informational purposes only. The Department of Homeland
Security (DHS) does not provide any warranties of any kind regarding any
information contained within. DHS does not endorse any commercial product or
service, referenced in this product or otherwise. Further dissemination of this
product is governed by the Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) marking in the header.
For more information about TLP, see http://www.us-cert.gov/tlp/ .



1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

  o CVSS v3 10.0
  o ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low skill level to exploit
  o Vendor: GE
  o Equipment: CARESCAPE Telemetry Server, ApexPro Telemetry Server, CARESCAPE
    Central Station (CSCS) and Clinical Information Center (CIC) systems,
    CARESCAPE B450, B650, B850 Monitors
  o Vulnerabilities: Unprotected Storage of Credentials, Improper Input
    Validation, Use of Hard-coded Credentials, Missing Authentication for
    Critical Function, Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type,
    Inadequate Encryption Strength

2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could occur when an attacker
gains access to the mission critical (MC) and/or information exchange (IX)
networks due to improper configuration or physical access to devices. An
exploit could result in a loss of monitoring and/or loss of alarms during
active patient monitoring. These vulnerabilities, if exploited, may allow an
attacker to obtain PHI data, make changes at the operating system level of the
device, with effects such as rendering the device unusable, otherwise
interfering with the function of the device and/or making certain changes to
alarm settings on connected patient monitors, and/or utilizing services used
for remote viewing and control of devices on the network to access the clinical
user interface and make changes to device settings and alarm limits, which
could result in missed or unnecessary alarms or silencing of some alarms.

3. TECHNICAL DETAILS

3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following versions of GE Healthcare Monitoring platforms are affected:

  o ApexPro Telemetry Server, Versions 4.2 and prior
  o CARESCAPE Telemetry Server, Versions 4.2 and prior
  o Clinical Information Center (CIC), Versions 4.X and 5.X
  o CARESCAPE Telemetry Server, Version 4.3 (Impacted by CVE-2020- 6962 and
    CVE-2020-6961)
  o CARESCAPE Central Station (CSCS), Versions 1.X
  o CARESCAPE Central Station (CSCS), Versions 2.X (Impacted by CVE-2020- 6962
    and CVE-2020-6964)
  o B450, Version 2.X (Impacted by CVE-2020- 6962 and CVE-2020-6965)
  o B650, Version 1.X (Impacted by CVE-2020- 6962 and CVE-2020-6965)
  o B650, Version 2.X (Impacted by CVE-2020- 6962 and CVE-2020-6965)
  o B850, Version 1.X (Impacted by CVE-2020- 6962 and CVE-2020-6965)
  o B850, Version 2.X (Impacted by CVE-2020- 6962 and CVE-2020-6965)

3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 UNPROTECTED STORAGE OF CREDENTIALS CWE-256

A vulnerability exists in the affected products that could allow an attacker to
obtain access to the SSH private key in configuration files.

CVE-2020-6961 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
10 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H
/I:H/A:H ). To see how this vulnerability affects each unique configuration,
please apply the environmental portion of CVSS v3.0 score.

3.2.2 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20

An input validation vulnerability exists in the web-based system configuration
utility that could allow an attacker to obtain arbitrary remote code execution.

CVE-2020-6962 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
10 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H
/I:H/A:H ). To see how this vulnerability affects each unique configuration,
please apply the environmental portion of CVSS v3.0 score

3.2.3 USE OF HARD-CODED CREDENTIALS CWE-798

The affected products utilized hard coded SMB credentials, which may allow an
attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code.

CVE-2020-6963 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
10 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H
/I:H/A:H ). To see how this vulnerability affects each unique configuration,
please apply the environmental portion of CVSS v3.0 score

3.2.4 MISSING AUTHENTICATION FOR CRITICAL FUNCTION CWE-306

The integrated service for keyboard switching of the affected devices could
allow attackers to obtain remote keyboard input access without authentication
over the network.

CVE-2020-6964 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
10 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H
/I:H/A:H ). To see how this vulnerability affects each unique configuration,
please apply the environmental portion of CVSS v3.0 score

3.2.5 UNRESTRICTED UPLOAD OF FILE WITH DANGEROUS TYPE CWE-434

A vulnerability in the software update mechanism allows an authenticated
attacker to upload arbitrary files on the system through a crafted update
package.

CVE-2020-6965 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
8.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H
/I:H/A:H ). To see how this vulnerability affects each unique configuration,
please apply the environmental portion of CVSS v3.0 score

3.2.6 INADEQUATE ENCRYPTION STRENGTH CWE-326

The affected products utilize a weak encryption scheme for remote desktop
control, which may allow an attacker to obtain remote code execution of devices
on the network.

CVE-2020-6966 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
10 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H
/I:H/A:H ). To see how this vulnerability affects each unique configuration,
please apply the environmental portion of CVSS v3.0 score

3.3 BACKGROUND

  o CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Healthcare and Public Health
  o COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
  o COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United States

3.4 RESEARCHER

Elad Luz of CyberMDX reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

4. MITIGATIONS

GE recommends users confirm the proper configuration of the MC and IX networks
to ensure that the isolation and configuration meet the requirements listed in
the Patient Monitoring Network Configuration Guide, CARESCAPE Network
Configuration Guide, and product technical and service manuals. These can be
obtained by contacting GE via the customer support portal with a valid support
account. A properly isolated network requires an attacker to gain physical
access in order to carry out an exploit.

GE recommends that, in addition to applying network management best practices,
users ensure:

  o The MC and IX Networks are isolated and if connectivity is needed outside
    the MC and/or IX Networks, a Router/Firewall is used to allow only the
    necessary data flows and block all other data flows.
  o MC and IX Router/Firewall should be set up to block all incoming traffic
    initiated from outside the network, with exceptions for needed clinical
    data flows. The following ports should always be blocked for traffic
    initiated from outside the MC and IX Networks: TCP Port 22 for SSH and TCP
    and UDP Ports 137, 138, 139, and 445 for NetBIOS and SMB as well as TCP
    Ports 10000, 5225, 5800, 5900, and 10001.
  o Restricted physical access to Central Stations, Telemetry Servers, and the
    MC and IX networks.
  o Default passwords for Webmin should be changed as recommended.
  o Password management best practices are followed.

At the time of the publication of this advisory, GE was not aware of any
reported incidences of a cyber attack in a clinical use or any reported
injuries associated with any of these vulnerabilities.
In addition, GE is developing software updates/patches with additional security
enhancements. In accordance with GE's continual cybersecurity hygiene process,
users can access GE's security website to receive the most up-to-date
information and subscribe to receive notifications when new updates/patches are
available.
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of
exploitation of these vulnerabilities. Specifically, users should:

  o Locate Medical system networks and remote devices behind firewalls; isolate
    them from the business network. Only if connectivity is required outside
    the MC or IX network should a firewall/router be used with very strict
    rules allowing only very explicit network flows.
  o Where additional information is needed, refer to existing cybersecurity in
    medical device guidance issued by the FDA .
  o Additionally, the FDA has created a safety communication .

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk
assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices
on the ICS webpage on us-cert.gov . Several recommended practices are available
for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems
Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies .

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available
on the ICS webpage on us-cert.gov in the Technical Information Paper,
ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation
Strategies .

Organizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their
established internal procedures and report their findings to CISA for tracking
and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploits specifically target these vulnerabilities.

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