Protect yourself against future threats.
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA256
===========================================================================
AUSCERT External Security Bulletin Redistribution
ESB-2019.4544
ICS-CERT Advisory (icsa-19-337-02) Moxa AWK-3121
4 December 2019
===========================================================================
AusCERT Security Bulletin Summary
---------------------------------
Product: Moxa AWK-3121
Publisher: ICS-CERT
Operating System: Network Appliance
Impact/Access: Execute Arbitrary Code/Commands -- Existing Account
Cross-site Request Forgery -- Remote with User Interaction
Cross-site Scripting -- Remote with User Interaction
Provide Misleading Information -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Access Confidential Data -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Resolution: Patch/Upgrade
CVE Names: CVE-2018-10703 CVE-2018-10702 CVE-2018-10701
CVE-2018-10700 CVE-2018-10699 CVE-2018-10698
CVE-2018-10697 CVE-2018-10696 CVE-2018-10695
CVE-2018-10694 CVE-2018-10693 CVE-2018-10692
CVE-2018-10691 CVE-2018-10690
Original Bulletin:
https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-19-337-02
- --------------------------BEGIN INCLUDED TEXT--------------------
ICS Advisory (ICSA-19-337-02)
Moxa AWK-3121
Original release date: December 03, 2019
Legal Notice
All information products included in http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov are
provided"as is" for informational purposes only. The Department of Homeland
Security (DHS) does not provide any warranties of any kind regarding any
information contained within. DHS does not endorse any commercial product or
service, referenced in this product or otherwise. Further dissemination of this
product is governed by the Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) marking in the header.
For more information about TLP, see http://www.us-cert.gov/tlp/ .
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
o CVSS v3 9.8
o ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low skill level to exploit/public exploits
available
o Vendor: Moxa
o Equipment: AWK-3121
o Vulnerabilities: Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information, Improper
Access Control, Sensitive Cookie without 'HTTPONLY' Flag, Improper
Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer, CSRF,
Command Injection, Cross-site Scripting
2. RISK EVALUATION
Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to
view sensitive information, cause availability issues, and execute remote code.
3. TECHNICAL DETAILS
3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS
The following versions of AWK-3121, a wireless access point/bridge/client, are
affected:
o AWK-3121: All Versions 1.14 and prior
3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW
3.2.1 CLEARTEXT TRANSMISSION OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION CWE-319
The device uses HTTP traffic by default allowing insecure communication to the
web server, which could allow an attacker to compromise sensitive data such as
credentials.
CVE-2018-10690 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:N/A:N ).
3.2.2 IMPROPER ACCESS CONTROL CWE-284
An attacker can navigate to a URL and download the system log without
authentication, which may allow access to sensitive information.
CVE-2018-10691 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:N/A:N ).
3.2.3 SENSITIVE COOKIE WITHOUT 'HTTPONLY' FLAG CWE-1004
A cross-site scripting attack allows access to session cookies, which may allow
an attacker to login into the device.
CVE-2018-10692 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
6.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/
C:L/I:L/A:N ).
3.2.4 IMPROPER RESTRICTION OF OPERATIONS WITHIN THE BOUNDS OF A MEMORY BUFFER
CWE-119
An unauthorized user may execute network troubleshooting commands to cause a
buffer overflow condition, which may allow the attacker to execute commands on
the device.
CVE-2018-10693 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:H/A:H ).
3.2.5 CLEARTEXT TRANSMISSION OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION CWE-319
The Wi-Fi connection used to set up the device is not encrypted by default,
which may allow an attacker to capture sensitive data.
CVE-2018-10694 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:N/A:N ).
3.2.6 IMPROPER RESTRICTION OF OPERATIONS WITHIN THE BOUNDS OF A MEMORY BUFFER
CWE-119
An unauthorized user may cause a buffer overflow using the device alert
functionality, which may allow the attacker to execute commands on the device.
CVE-2018-10695 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:H/A:H ).
3.2.7 CROSS-SITE REQUEST FORGERY (CSRF) CWE-352
The web interface is not protected against CSRF attacks, which may allow an
attacker to trick a user into executing commands or actions by clicking a
malicious link.
CVE-2018-10696 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/
C:H/I:H/A:H ).
3.2.8 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS USED IN A COMMAND ('COMMAND
INJECTION') CWE-77
An unauthorized user may inject malicious commands into the system while using
network troubleshooting functions, which may allow the attacker to execute
unauthorized commands on the device.
CVE-2018-10697 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:H/A:H ).
3.2.9 CLEARTEXT TRANSMISSION OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION CWE-319
The system enables an insecure service by default, which may allow an attacker
to view sensitive information or modify information being transmitted through a
man-in-the-middle attack.
CVE-2018-10698 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:H/A:H ).
3.2.10 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS USED IN A COMMAND ('COMMAND
INJECTION') CWE-77
An unauthorized user can inject malicious commands while using system
certificate functions, which may allow the attacker to execute unauthorized
commands on the device.
CVE-2018-10699 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:H/A:H ).
3.2.11 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF INPUT DURING WEB PAGE GENERATION ('CROSS-SITE
SCRIPTING') CWE-79
An unauthorized user can execute an XSS attack, which may allow the injection
of a malicious payload on the server.
CVE-2018-10700 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
6.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/
C:L/I:L/A:N ).
3.2.12 IMPROPER RESTRICTION OF OPERATIONS WITHIN THE BOUNDS OF A MEMORY BUFFER
CWE-119
An unauthorized user may cause a buffer overflow on the system using system
troubleshooting functions, which may allow the attacker to execute commands.
CVE-2018-10701 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:H/A:H ).
3.2.13 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS USED IN A COMMAND ('COMMAND
INJECTION') CWE-77
An unauthorized user may inject malicious commands on the system using system
troubleshooting functions, which may allow the attacker to execute commands on
the device.
CVE-2018-10702 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:H/A:H ).
3.2.14 IMPROPER RESTRICTION OF OPERATIONS WITHIN THE BOUNDS OF A MEMORY BUFFER
CWE-119
An unauthorized user may cause a buffer overflow on the system using system
troubleshooting functions, which may allow the attacker to execute commands on
the device.
CVE-2018-10703 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:H/A:H ).
3.3 BACKGROUND
o CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing, Energy, Water and
Wastewater Systems
o COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
o COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Taiwan
3.4 RESEARCHER
Samuel Huntley reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.
4. MITIGATIONS
Moxa notes this device has reached end of life and has been replaced by model
AWK-1131A (see Moxa bulletin ). Moxa recommends users apply the latest security
patch, which can be obtained by contacting customer service at the following
link:
https://www.moxa.com/en/support/support/technical-support
For additional information see the Moxa advisory .
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of
exploitation of this vulnerability. Specifically, users should:
o Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems,
and ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet .
o Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls, and
isolate them from the business network.
o When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private
Networks (VPNs), recognizing that VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should
be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize that VPN
is only as secure as the connected devices.
CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk
assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices
on the ICS webpage on us-cert.gov . Several recommended practices are available
for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems
Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies .
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available
on the ICS webpage on us-cert.gov in the Technical Information Paper,
ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation
Strategies .
Organizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their
established internal procedures and report their findings to CISA for tracking
and correlation against other incidents.
CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves
from social engineering attacks:
o Do not click web links or open unsolicited attachments in email messages.
o Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on
avoiding email scams.
o Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more
information on social engineering attacks.
- --------------------------END INCLUDED TEXT--------------------
You have received this e-mail bulletin as a result of your organisation's
registration with AusCERT. The mailing list you are subscribed to is
maintained within your organisation, so if you do not wish to continue
receiving these bulletins you should contact your local IT manager. If
you do not know who that is, please send an email to auscert@auscert.org.au
and we will forward your request to the appropriate person.
NOTE: Third Party Rights
This security bulletin is provided as a service to AusCERT's members. As
AusCERT did not write the document quoted above, AusCERT has had no control
over its content. The decision to follow or act on information or advice
contained in this security bulletin is the responsibility of each user or
organisation, and should be considered in accordance with your organisation's
site policies and procedures. AusCERT takes no responsibility for consequences
which may arise from following or acting on information or advice contained in
this security bulletin.
NOTE: This is only the original release of the security bulletin. It may
not be updated when updates to the original are made. If downloading at
a later date, it is recommended that the bulletin is retrieved directly
from the author's website to ensure that the information is still current.
Contact information for the authors of the original document is included
in the Security Bulletin above. If you have any questions or need further
information, please contact them directly.
Previous advisories and external security bulletins can be retrieved from:
https://www.auscert.org.au/bulletins/
===========================================================================
Australian Computer Emergency Response Team
The University of Queensland
Brisbane
Qld 4072
Internet Email: auscert@auscert.org.au
Facsimile: (07) 3365 7031
Telephone: (07) 3365 4417 (International: +61 7 3365 4417)
AusCERT personnel answer during Queensland business hours
which are GMT+10:00 (AEST).
On call after hours for member emergencies only.
===========================================================================
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
Comment: http://www.auscert.org.au/render.html?it=1967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=qV8a
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----