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AUSCERT External Security Bulletin Redistribution
ESB-2019.2855
Advisory (icsa-19-211-02) Prima Systems FlexAir
31 July 2019
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AusCERT Security Bulletin Summary
---------------------------------
Product: Prima Systems FlexAir
Publisher: US-CERT
Operating System: Network Appliance
Impact/Access: Execute Arbitrary Code/Commands -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Cross-site Request Forgery -- Remote with User Interaction
Cross-site Scripting -- Remote with User Interaction
Reduced Security -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Access Confidential Data -- Existing Account
Resolution: Patch/Upgrade
CVE Names: CVE-2019-9189 CVE-2019-7672 CVE-2019-7671
CVE-2019-7670 CVE-2019-7669 CVE-2019-7667
CVE-2019-7666 CVE-2019-7281 CVE-2019-7280
Original Bulletin:
https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-19-211-02
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ICS Advisory (ICSA-19-211-02)
Prima Systems FlexAir
Original release date: July 30, 2019
Legal Notice
All information products included in http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov are
provided"as is" for informational purposes only. The Department of Homeland
Security (DHS) does not provide any warranties of any kind regarding any
information contained within. DHS does not endorse any commercial product or
service, referenced in this product or otherwise. Further dissemination of this
product is governed by the Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) marking in the header.
For more information about TLP, see http://www.us-cert.gov/tlp/ .
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
o CVSS v3 10.0
o ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low skill level to exploit
o Vendor: Prima Systems
o Equipment: FlexAir
o Vulnerabilities : OS Command Injection, Unrestricted Upload of File with
Dangerous Type, Cross-site Request Forgery, Small Space of Random Values,
Cross-site Scripting, Exposure of Backup file to Unauthorized Control
Sphere, Improper Authentication, Use of Hard-coded Credentials
2. RISK EVALUATION
Exploitation of these vulnerabilities may allow an attacker to execute commands
directly on the operating system, upload malicious files, perform actions with
administrative privileges, execute arbitrary code in a user's browser, discover
login credentials, bypass normal authentication, and have full system access.
3. TECHNICAL DETAILS
3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS
The following versions of Prima Systems FlexAir, an access control platform,
are affected:
o Prima FlexAir Versions 2.3.38 and prior
3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW
3.2.1 OS COMMAND INJECTION CWE-78
The application incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the
intended OS command when it is sent to a downstream component, which could
allow attackers to execute commands directly on the operating system.
CVE-2019-7670 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
10.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/
C:H/I:H/A:H ).
3.2.2 UNRESTRICTED UPLOAD OF FILE WITH DANGEROUS TYPE CWE-434
Improper validation of file extensions when uploading files could allow a
remote authenticated attacker to upload and execute malicious applications
within the application's web root with root privileges.
CVE-2019-7669 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
9.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/
C:H/I:H/A:H ).
3.2.3 CROSS-SITE REQUEST FORGERY (CSRF) CWE-352
An unauthenticated user can send unverified HTTP requests, which may allow the
attacker to perform certain actions with administrative privileges if a
logged-in user visits a malicious website.
CVE-2019-7281 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
5.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/
C:L/I:L/A:L ).
3.2.4 SMALL SPACE OF RANDOM VALUES CWE-334
The session-ID is of an insufficient length and can be exploited by brute
force, which may allow a remote attacker to obtain a valid session and bypass
authentication.
CVE-2019-7280 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
4.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/
C:L/I:N/A:N ).
3.2.5 CROSS-SITE SCRIPTING CWE-79
Parameters sent to scripts are not properly sanitized before being returned to
the user, which may allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code in a user's
browser session in context of an affected site.
CVE-2019-7671 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
5.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/
C:L/I:L/A:N ).
3.2.6 EXPOSURE OF BACKUP FILE TO AN UNAUTHORIZED CONTROL SPHERE CWE-530
The application generates database backup files with a predictable name, and an
attacker can use brute force to identify the database backup file name. A
malicious actor can exploit this issue to download the database file and
disclose login information, which can allow the attacker to bypass
authentication and have full access to the system.
CVE-2019-7667 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
8.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:H/A:N ).
3.2.7 IMPROPER AUTHENTICATION CWE-287
The application allows improper authentication using the MD5 hash value of the
password, which may allow an attacker with access to the database to login as
admin without decrypting the password.
CVE-2019-7666 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:H/A:H ).
3.2.8 USE OF HARD-CODED CREDENTIALS CWE-798
The flash version of the web interface contains a hard-coded username and
password, which may allow an authenticated attacker to escalate privileges.
CVE-2019-7672 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:H/A:H ).
3.2.9 UNRESTRICTED UPLOAD OF FILE WITH DANGEROUS TYPE CWE-434
The application allows the upload of arbitrary Python scripts when configuring
the main central controller. These scripts can be immediately executed because
of root code execution, not as a web server user, allowing an authenticated
attacker to gain full system access.
CVE-2019-9189 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
7.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:H/A:H ).
3.3 BACKGROUND
o CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Commercial Facilities, Government
Facilities, Healthcare and Public Health, Information Technology,
Transportation Systems
o COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
o COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Slovenia
3.4 RESEARCHER
Gjoko Krstic of Applied Risk reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.
4. MITIGATIONS
Prima Systems has released Version 2.5.12 to fix these issues.
To update to the latest firmware, each user should select the "Check for
Upgrade" option in the "Centrals" menu in the GUI. The user's controller will
connect to the Prima Systems server and update to the latest version.
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of
exploitation of this vulnerability. Specifically, users should:
o Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems,
and ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet .
o Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls, and
isolate them from the business network.
o When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private
Networks (VPNs), recognizing that VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should
be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize that VPN
is only as secure as the connected devices.
CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk
assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices
on the ICS webpage on us-cert.gov . Several recommended practices are available
for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems
Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies .
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available
on the ICS webpage on us-cert.gov in the Technical Information Paper,
ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation
Strategies .
Organizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their
established internal procedures and report their findings to CISA for tracking
and correlation against other incidents.
CISA also recommends that users take the following measures to protect
themselves from social engineering attacks:
o Do not click web links or open unsolicited attachments in email messages.
o Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on
avoiding email scams.
o Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more
information on social engineering attacks.
No known public exploits specifically target these vulnerabilities.
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