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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA256 =========================================================================== AUSCERT External Security Bulletin Redistribution ESB-2016.2855 Moxa NPort Device Vulnerabilities 5 December 2016 =========================================================================== AusCERT Security Bulletin Summary --------------------------------- Product: Moxa NPort Device Publisher: ICS-CERT Operating System: Network Appliance Impact/Access: Administrator Compromise -- Remote/Unauthenticated Cross-site Request Forgery -- Remote with User Interaction Denial of Service -- Remote/Unauthenticated Cross-site Scripting -- Remote with User Interaction Access Confidential Data -- Existing Account Reduced Security -- Existing Account Resolution: Patch/Upgrade CVE Names: CVE-2016-9371 CVE-2016-9369 CVE-2016-9367 CVE-2016-9366 CVE-2016-9365 CVE-2016-9363 CVE-2016-9361 CVE-2016-9348 Original Bulletin: https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-16-336-02 - --------------------------BEGIN INCLUDED TEXT-------------------- Advisory (ICSA-16-336-02) Moxa NPort Device Vulnerabilities Original release date: December 01, 2016 Legal Notice All information products included in http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov are provided "as is" for informational purposes only. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) does not provide any warranties of any kind regarding any information contained within. DHS does not endorse any commercial product or service, referenced in this product or otherwise. Further dissemination of this product is governed by the Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) marking in the header. For more information about TLP, see http://www.us-cert.gov/tlp/. OVERVIEW This advisory is a follow-up to the alert titled ICS-ALERT-16-099-01B Moxa NPort Device Vulnerabilities that was published April 8, 2016, on the NCCIC/ICS-CERT web site. Security researchers Reid Wightman of RevICS Security, Mikael Vingaard, and Maxim Rupp have identified vulnerabilities in Moxas NPort serial device servers. Moxa has produced new firmware versions to mitigate these vulnerabilities. These vulnerabilities could be exploited remotely. AFFECTED PRODUCTS Moxa reports that the vulnerability affects the following versions of NPort: NPort 5110 versions prior to 2.6, NPort 5130/5150 Series versions prior to 3.6, NPort 5200 Series versions prior to 2.8, NPort 5400 Series versions prior to 3.11, NPort 5600 Series versions prior to 3.7, NPort 5100A Series & NPort P5150A versions prior to 1.3, NPort 5200A Series versions prior to 1.3, NPort 5150AI-M12 Series versions prior to 1.2, NPort 5250AI-M12 Series versions prior to 1.2, NPort 5450AI-M12 Series versions prior to 1.2, NPort 5600-8-DT Series versions prior to 2.4, NPort 5600-8-DTL Series versions prior to 2.4, NPort 6x50 Series versions prior to 1.13.11, NPort IA5450A versions prior to v1.4 IMPACT Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could lead to the complete compromise of an affected system. Impact to individual organizations depends on many factors that are unique to each organization. ICS-CERT recommends that organizations evaluate the impact of these vulnerabilities based on their operational environment, architecture, and product implementation. BACKGROUND Moxa is a Taiwan-based company that maintains offices in several countries around the world, including the US, UK,India, Germany, France, China, Russia, and Brazil. The affected products, NPort devices, connect serial devices to Ethernet networks. According to Moxa, NPort devices are deployed across several sectors including Critical Manufacturing, Energy, and Transportation Systems. Moxa estimates that these products are used worldwide. VULNERABILITY CHARACTERIZATION VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW CREDENTIALS MANAGEMENT[a] Administration passwords can be retried without authenticating. CVE-2016-9361[b] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).[c] PERMISSIONS, PRIVILEGES, AND ACCESS CONTROLS[d] Firmware can be updated over the network without authentication, which may allow remote code execution. CVE-2016-9369[e] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).[f] CLASSIC BUFFER OVERFLOW[g] Buffer overflow vulnerability may allow an unauthenticated attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code. CVE-2016-9363[h] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).[i] CROSS-SITE SCRIPTING[j] User-controlled input is not neutralized before being output to web page. CVE-2016-9371[k] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 6.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N).[l] CROSS-SITE REQUEST FORGERY[m] Requests are not verified to be intentionally submitted by the proper user. CVE-2016-9365[n] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).[o] IMPROPER RESTRICTION OF EXCESSIVE AUTHENTICATION ATTEMPTS[p] An attacker can freely use brute force to determine parameters needed to bypass authentication. CVE-2016-9366[q] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).[r] PLAIN TEXT STORAGE OF A PASSWORD[s] A configuration file contains parameters that represent passwords in plaintext. CVE-2016-9348[t] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 3.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).[u] RESOURCE EXHAUSTION[v] The amount of resources requested by a malicious actor is not restricted, leading to a denial-of-service caused by resource exhaustion. CVE-2016-9367[w] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).[x] VULNERABILITY DETAILS EXPLOITABILITY These vulnerabilities could be exploited remotely. EXISTENCE OF EXPLOIT No known public exploits specifically target these vulnerabilities. DIFFICULTY An attacker with low skill would be able to exploit these vulnerabilities. MITIGATION Moxa has released new firmware versions, which address the identified vulnerabilities in all but one of the affected NPort devices. Moxa recommends installing the new firmware version. NPort 5110 Version 2.6: http://www.moxa.com/support/download.aspx?type=support&id=882 (link is external) NPort 5130/5150 Series Version 3.6: http://www.moxa.com/support/download.aspx?type=support&id=356 (link is external) NPort 5200 Series Version 2.8: http://www.moxa.com/support/download.aspx?type=support&id=904 (link is external) NPort 5400 Series Version 3.11: http://www.moxa.com/support/download.aspx?type=support&id=925 (link is external) NPort 5600 Series Version 3.7: http://www.moxa.com/support/download.aspx?type=support&id=905 (link is external) NPort 5100A Series & NPort P5150A Version 1.3: http://www.moxa.com/support/download.aspx?type=support&id=1403 (link is external) NPort 5200A Series Version 1.3: http://www.moxa.com/support/download.aspx?type=support&id=1462 (link is external) NPort 5150AI-M12 Series Version 1.2: http://www.moxa.com/support/download.aspx?type=support&id=2206 (link is external) NPort 5250AI-M12 Series Version 1.2: http://www.moxa.com/support/download.aspx?type=support&id=2207 (link is external) NPort 5450AI-M12 Series Version 1.2: http://www.moxa.com/support/download.aspx?type=support&id=2208 (link is external) NPort 5600-8-DT Series Version 2.4: http://www.moxa.com/support/download.aspx?type=support&id=938 (link is external) NPort 5600-8-DTL Series Version 1.3: http://www.moxa.com/support/download.aspx?type=support&id=1819 (link is external) NPort 6x50 Series Version 1.14: http://www.moxa.com/support/download.aspx?type=support&id=733 (link is external) NPort IA5450A Version 1.4: http://www.moxa.com/support/download.aspx?type=support&id=1469 (link is external) Moxa has reported that the NPort 6110 device was discontinued in December 2008 and will not have patches released to address these vulnerabilities. Moxa recommends that customers using the NPort 6110 should upgrade the affected device. ICS-CERT recommends that users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. Specifically, users should: Ensure that Ports 161/UDP, 4800/UDP, and 4900/TCP are only accessible by trusted systems and that restricting access to Ports 4800/UDP and 4900/TCP will impact remote systems administration. Ensure that all unused ports are disabled. Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet. Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls, and isolate them from the business network. When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing that VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize that VPN is only as secure as the connected devices. ICS-CERT reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures. ICS-CERT also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices onthe ICS-CERT web page. Several recommended practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies. Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available in the ICS-CERT Technical Information Paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies, that is available for download from the ICS-CERT web site. Organizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their established internal procedures and report their findings to ICS-CERT for tracking and correlation against other incidents. a. CWE-255: Credentials Management, http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/255.html, web site last accessed December 01, 2016. b. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-9361, NIST uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be active sometime after publication of this advisory. c. CVSS Calculator, https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S..., web site last accessed December 01, 2016. d. CWE-264: Permissions, Privileges, and Access Controls, http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/264.html, web site last accessed December 01, 2016. e. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-9369, NIST uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be active sometime after publication of this advisory. f. CVSS Calculator, https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S..., web site last accessed December 01, 2016. g. CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow'), http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/120.html, web site last accessed December 01, 2016. h. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-9363, NIST uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be active sometime after publication of this advisory. i. CVSS Calculator, https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S..., web site last accessed December 01, 2016. j. CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting'), http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/79.html, web site last accessed December 01, 2016. k. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-9371, NIST uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be active sometime after publication of this advisory. l. CVSS Calculator, https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S..., web site last accessed December 01, 2016. m. CWE-352: Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF), http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/352.html, web site last accessed December 01, 2016. n. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-9365, NIST uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be active sometime after publication of this advisory. o. CVSS Calculator, https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S..., web site last accessed December 01, 2016. p. CWE-307: Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts, http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/307.html, web site last accessed December 01, 2016. q. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-9366, NIST uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be active sometime after publication of this advisory. r. CVSS Calculator, https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S..., web site last accessed December 01, 2016. s. CWE-256: Plain Text Storage of a Password, http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/256.html, web site last accessed December 01, 2016. t. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-9348, NIST uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be active sometime after publication of this advisory. u. CVSS Calculator, https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S..., web site last accessed December 01, 2016. v. CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption ("Resource Exhaustion"), http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/400.html, web site last accessed December 01, 2016. w. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-9367, NIST uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be active sometime after publication of this advisory. x. CVSS Calculator, https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S..., web site last accessed December 01, 2016. - --------------------------END INCLUDED TEXT-------------------- You have received this e-mail bulletin as a result of your organisation's registration with AusCERT. The mailing list you are subscribed to is maintained within your organisation, so if you do not wish to continue receiving these bulletins you should contact your local IT manager. If you do not know who that is, please send an email to auscert@auscert.org.au and we will forward your request to the appropriate person. NOTE: Third Party Rights This security bulletin is provided as a service to AusCERT's members. As AusCERT did not write the document quoted above, AusCERT has had no control over its content. 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