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===========================================================================
AUSCERT External Security Bulletin Redistribution
ESB-2016.0123
Advantech WebAccess Vulnerabilities
18 January 2016
===========================================================================
AusCERT Security Bulletin Summary
---------------------------------
Product: Advantech WebAccess
Publisher: US-CERT
Operating System: Windows
Impact/Access: Execute Arbitrary Code/Commands -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Access Privileged Data -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Create Arbitrary Files -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Denial of Service -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Cross-site Request Forgery -- Remote with User Interaction
Cross-site Scripting -- Remote with User Interaction
Resolution: Patch/Upgrade
CVE Names: CVE-2016-0860 CVE-2016-0859 CVE-2016-0858
CVE-2016-0857 CVE-2016-0856 CVE-2016-0855
CVE-2016-0854 CVE-2016-0853 CVE-2016-0852
CVE-2016-0851 CVE-2015-6467 CVE-2015-3948
CVE-2015-3947 CVE-2015-3946 CVE-2015-3943
Original Bulletin:
https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-16-014-01
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Advisory (ICSA-16-014-01)
Advantech WebAccess Vulnerabilities
Original release date: January 14, 2016
Print Document
Legal Notice
All information products included in http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov are provided
"as is" for informational purposes only. The Department of Homeland Security
(DHS) does not provide any warranties of any kind regarding any information
contained within. DHS does not endorse any commercial product or service,
referenced in this product or otherwise. Further dissemination of this product
is governed by the Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) marking in the header. For
more information about TLP, see http://www.us-cert.gov/tlp/.
OVERVIEW
Ilya Karpov of Positive Technologies, Ivan Sanchez, Andrea Micalizzi, Ariele
Caltabiano, Fritz Sands, Steven Seeley, and an anonymous researcher have
identified multiple vulnerabilities in Advantech WebAccess application. Many
of these vulnerabilities were reported through the Zero Day Initiative (ZDI)
and iDefense. Advantech has produced a new version to mitigate these
vulnerabilities. Ivan Sanchez has tested the new version to validate that it
resolves the vulnerabilities which he reported.
These vulnerabilities could be exploited remotely.
AFFECTED PRODUCTS
Advantech reports that the vulnerabilities affect the following versions of
WebAccess:
WebAccess Version 8.0 and prior versions.
IMPACT
An attacker who exploits these vulnerabilities may be able to upload, create,
or delete arbitrary files on the target system, deny access to valid users, or
remotely execute arbitrary code.
Impact to individual organizations depends on many factors that are unique to
each organization. NCCIC/ICS-CERT recommends that organizations evaluate the
impact of these vulnerabilities based on their operational environment,
architecture, and product implementation.
BACKGROUND
Advantech is based in Taiwan and has distribution offices in 21 countries
worldwide.
The affected product, WebAccess, formerly known as BroadWin WebAccess, is a
web-based SCADA and human-machine interface (HMI) product. According to
Advantech, WebAccess is deployed across several sectors including Commercial
Facilities, Critical Manufacturing, Energy, and Government Facilities.
Advantech estimates that these products are used globally.
VULNERABILITY CHARACTERIZATION
VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW
ACCESS OF MEMORY LOCATION AFTER END OF BUFFER [a]
The software reads or writes to a buffer using an index or pointer that
references a memory location after the end of the buffer.
CVE-2016-0851 [b] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H). [c]
UNRESTRICTED UPLOAD OF FILE WITH DANGEROUS TYPE [d]
An attacker can upload or create arbitrary files on the server without
authentication or constraint.
CVE-2016-0854 [e] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). [f]
PATH TRAVERSAL [g]
The virtual directory created by WebAccess can be browsed anonymously without
authentication.
CVE-2016-0855 [h] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). [i]
STACK-BASED BUFFER OVERFLOW [j]
There are many instances where the buffer on the stack can be overwritten.
CVE-2016-0856 [k] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). [l]
HEAP-BASED BUFFER OVERFLOW [m]
There are many conditions in which more space than what is allocated can be
written to the heap.
CVE-2016-0857 [n] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). [o]
RACE CONDITION [p]
A specially crafted request can cause a buffer overflow in a shared virtual
memory area.
CVE-2016-0858 [q] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). [r]
INTEGER OVERFLOW TO BUFFER OVERFLOW [s]
An attacker can send a crafted RPC request to the Kernel service to cause a
stack-based buffer overflow.
CVE-2016-0859 [t] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). [u]
IMPROPER RESTRICTION OF OPERATIONS WITHIN THE BOUNDS OF A MEMORY BUFFER [v]
An attacker can send a crafted RPC request to the BwpAlarm subsystem to cause
a buffer overflow on global variables.
CVE-2016-0860 [w] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N). [x]
IMPROPER ACCESS CONTROL [y]
Normal and remote users have access to files and folders that only
administrators should be allowed to access.
CVE-2016-0852 [z] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H). [aa]
IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION [bb]
Input validation vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to gain sensitive
information from the target system.
CVE-2016-0853 [cc] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N). [dd]
CROSS-SITE SCRIPTING [ee]
The web server does not filter user input correctly, allowing a malicious user
to initiate a cross-site scripting vulnerability.
CVE-2015-3948 [ff] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 6.1 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:M/Au:S/C:N/I:P/A:N). [gg]
SQL INJECTION [hh]
Web server settings, accounts, and projects may be modified through scripted
commands.
CVE-2015-3947 [ii] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 6.4 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:C/I:C/A:N). [jj]
CROSS-SITE REQUEST FORGERY [kk]
The web server accepts commands via specific scripts that imitate trusted
accounts.
CVE-2015-3946 [ll] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 5.4 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:H/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P). [mm]
EXTERNAL CONTROL OF FILE NAME OR PATH [nn]
WebAccess can be made to run remote code through the use of a browser plug-in.
CVE-2015-6467 [oo] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 4.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C). [pp]
CLEARTEXT STORAGE OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION [qq]
Email project accounts are stored in clear text.
CVE-2015-3943 [rr] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score
of 4.3 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:A/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:N/A:N). [ss]
VULNERABILITY DETAILS
EXPLOITABILITY
These vulnerabilities could be exploited remotely.
EXISTENCE OF EXPLOIT
No known public exploits specifically target these vulnerabilities.
DIFFICULTY
An attacker with a low skill would be able to exploit these vulnerabilities.
MITIGATION
Advantech has released a new version of WebAccess, Version 8.1, to address the
reported vulnerabilities. This new version is available on the Advantech
website at the following location:
http://www.advantech.com/industrial-automation/webaccess (link is external)
ICS-CERT recommends that users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of
exploitation of these vulnerabilities. Specifically, users should:
Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems and
ensure that they are not accessible from the Internet
Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolate
them from the business network.
When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private
Networks (VPNs), recognizing that VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be
updated to the most current version available. Also recognize that VPN is only
as secure as the connected devices.
ICS-CERT reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk
assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
ICS-CERT also provides a section for control systems security recommended
practices on the ICS-CERT web page
athttp://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/content/recommended-practices. Several
recommended practices are available for reading and download, including
Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth
Strategies.
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly
available in the ICSCERT Technical Information Paper,
ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation
Strategies, that is available for download from the ICS-CERT web site
(http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/).
Organizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their
established internal procedures and report their findings to ICS-CERT for
tracking and correlation against other incidents.
a. CWE-788: Access of Memory Location After End of Buffer,
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/788.html, web site last accessed January
14, 2016.
b. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-0851, NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
c. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S...,
web site last accessed January 14, 2016.
d. CWE-434: Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type,
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/434.html, web site last accessed January
14, 2016.
e. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-0854, NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
f. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S...,
web site last accessed January 14, 2016.
g. CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path
Traversal'), http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/22.html, web site last
accessed January 14, 2016.
h. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-0855, NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
i. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S...,
web site last accessed January 14, 2016.
j. CWE-121: Stack-based Buffer Overflow,
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/121.html, web site last accessed January
14, 2016.
k. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-0856, NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
l. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S...,
web site last accessed January 14, 2016.
m. CWE-122: Heap-based Buffer Overflow,
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/122.html, web site last accessed January
14, 2016.
n. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-0857, NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
o. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S...,
web site last accessed January 14, 2016.
p. CWE-362: Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper
Synchronization ('Race Condition'),
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/362.html, web site last accessed January
14, 2016.
q. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-0858, NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
r. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S...,
web site last accessed January 14, 2016.
s. CWE-680: Integer Overflow to Buffer Overflow,
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/680.html, web site last accessed January
14, 2016.
t. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-0859, NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
u. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S...,
web site last accessed January 14, 2016.
v. CWE-119: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory
Buffer, http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/119.html, web site last accessed
January 14, 2016.
w. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-0860, NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
x. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S...,
web site last accessed January 14, 2016.
y. CWE-284: Improper Access Control,
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/284.html, web site last accessed January
14, 2016.
z. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-0852, NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
aa. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S... ,
web site last accessed January 14, 2016.
bb. CWE-20: Improper Input Validation,
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/20.html, web site last accessed January
14, 2016.
cc. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-0853, NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
dd. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S...,
web site last accessed January 14, 2016.
ee. CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation
('Cross-site Scripting'), http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/79.html, web
site last accessed January 14, 2016.
ff. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2015-3948 , NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
gg. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S...,
web site last accessed January 14, 2016.
hh. CWE-89: SQL Injection, http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/89.html, web
site last accessed January 14, 2016.
ii. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2015-3947, NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
jj. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S...,
web site last accessed January 14, 2016.
kk. CWE-352: Cross-Site Request Forgery,
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/352.html, web site last accessed January
14, 2016.
ll. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2015-3946, NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
mm. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S...,
web site last accessed January 14, 2016.
nn. CWE-73: External Control of File Name or Path,
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/73.html, web site last accessed January
14, 2016.
oo. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2015-6467 , NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
pp. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S...,
web site last accessed January 14, 2016.
qq. CWE-312: Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information,
http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/312.html, web site last accessed January
14, 2016.
rr. NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2015-3943, NIST
uses this advisory to create the CVE web site report. This web site will be
active sometime after publication of this advisory.
ss. CVSS Calculator,
https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.0#CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S...,
web site last accessed January 14, 2016.
Contact Information
For any questions related to this report, please contact ICS-CERT at:
Email: ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov (link sends e-mail)
Toll Free: 1-877-776-7585
International Callers: (208) 526-0900
For industrial control systems security information and incident reporting:
http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov
ICS-CERT continuously strives to improve its products and services. You can
help by choosing one of the links below to provide feedback about this
product.
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