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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA1 =========================================================================== AUSCERT External Security Bulletin Redistribution ESB-2013.0241 ICSA-13-045-01 - Tridium NiagaraAX Directory Traversal Vulnerability 22 February 2013 =========================================================================== AusCERT Security Bulletin Summary --------------------------------- Product: Tridium NiagaraAX Publisher: US-CERT Operating System: Windows Linux variants Impact/Access: Unauthorised Access -- Remote/Unauthenticated Resolution: Patch/Upgrade CVE Names: CVE-2012-4701 Original Bulletin: http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/pdf/ICSA-13-045-01.pdf - --------------------------BEGIN INCLUDED TEXT-------------------- ICS-CERT ADVISORY ICSA-13-045-01 - TRIDIUM NIAGARAAX DIRECTORY TRAVERSAL VULNERABILITY February 14, 2013 OVERVIEW This advisory provides mitigation details for a vulnerability in the Tridium NiagaraAX software. Independent researchers Billy Rios and Terry McCorkle discovered a directory traversal vulnerability in the Tridium NiagaraAX software product. They demonstrated that with a valid user account or guest privileges enabled, privilege escalation is possible on a NiagaraAX system. Exploitation of this vulnerability could allow loss of availability, integrity, and confidentiality of the system. Tridium has produced a patch that mitigates this vulnerability. This vulnerability is remotely exploitable. AFFECTED PRODUCTS The following Tridium products are affected: * Tridium NiagaraAX, [a] all versions. IMPACT A loss of integrity, data, and possibly physical damage can result if the software is being used to control a physical process. Another consequence might be the compromise of facility security where NiagaraAX is used for facility access control and administration. Impact to individual organizations depends on many factors that are unique to each organization. ICS-CERT recommends that organizations evaluate the impact of this vulnerability based on their operational environment, architecture, and product implementation. BACKGROUND Tridium is a US-based company that maintains offices in several countries around the world, including the US, UK, Singapore, and China. Tridium also deploys systems to Latin America. NiagaraAX is a general framework that can be used to integrate and manage diverse industrial control system components, e.g., HVAC, building automation controls, and facility management that can be controlled over the Internet from a Web browser. According to Tridium, more than 350,000 instances of the NiagaraAX Framework are used worldwide. Tridium estimates that these products are used primarily in the commercial facilities (88 percent), energy (5 percent), education (5 percent), and government facilities and other sectors (2 percent). VULNERABILITY CHARACTERIZATION VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW PATH TRAVERSAL [b] If an installed NiagaraAX instance has its Web interface accessible from the Internet, and the user has valid user credentials, or if the system's guest user function is enabled, the application could be subverted to escalate the user's credentials and gain control of the system. The attacker could read the contents of unexpected files, expose sensitive data, execute arbitrary code, and affect the availability by sending a specially crafted packet to the Web server on Port 80/TCP. CVE-2012-4701 [c] has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v2 base score of 8.5 has been assigned; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:M/Au:S/C:C/I:C/A:C). [d] If the guest user function is enabled, no authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability. VULNERABILITY DETAILS EXPLOITABILITY This vulnerability can be exploited remotely. EXISTENCE OF EXPLOIT No known public exploits specifically target this vulnerability. DIFFICULTY An attacker with medium skill may be able to exploit this vulnerability. MITIGATION Tridium has developed patches for all current versions (Versions 3.5, 3.6, and 3.7) of the NiagaraAX software. Links to the patches, along with instructions on their use, can be obtained from the Tridium Security Update Web page: https://www.niagara-central.com/ord?portal:/dev/wiki/Niagara_AX_Security_Patch_11-Feb-2013. For users of older versions of NiagaraAX software (prior to Version 3.5), Tridium recommends that users either upgrade to the newest version or take careful measures to isolate access to the Web interface from the Internet. Users are encouraged to contact Tridium for details on disabling the Web interface and for information on how to get to the most current version of NiagaraAX. * ICS-CERT encourages asset owners to take additional defensive measures to protect against this and other cybersecurity risks. * Minimize network exposure for all control system devices. Critical devices should not directly face the Internet. * Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls, and isolate them from the business network. * When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing that VPN is only as secure as the connected devices. ICS-CERT also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the US-CERT Web page. Several recommended practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies. [e] ICS-CERT reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to taking defensive measures. Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available in the ICS-CERT Technical Information Paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B - 2014Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies, [f] that is available for download from the ICS-CERT Web page (www.ics-cert.org). Organizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their established internal procedures and report their findings to ICS-CERT for tracking and correlation against other incidents. ICS-CERT CONTACT For any questions related to this report, please contact ICS-CERT at: Email: ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov Toll Free: 1-877-776-7585 For industrial control systems security information and incident reporting: www.ics-cert.org. REFERENCES [a] Tridium NiagaraAX - http://www.tridium.com/cs/products_/_services/niagaraax last visited February 14, 2013. [b] CWE-22, http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/22.html, CWE-22: Path Traversal, Web site last accessed February 14, 2013. [c] NVD, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2012-4701 , NIST uses this advisory to create the CVE Web site report. This Web site will be active sometime after publication of this advisory. [d] CVSS Calculator, http://nvd.nist.gov/cvss.cfm?version=2&vector=(AV:N/AC:M/Au:S/C:C/I:C/A:C) Web site last visited February 14, 2013. [e] CSSP Recommended Practices, http://www.us-cert.gov/control_systems/practices/Recommended_Practices.html Web site last accessed February 14, 2013. [f] Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies, http://www.us-cert.gov/control_systems/pdf/ICS- TIP-12-146-01B.pdf, Web site last accessed February 14, 2013. - --------------------------END INCLUDED TEXT-------------------- You have received this e-mail bulletin as a result of your organisation's registration with AusCERT. The mailing list you are subscribed to is maintained within your organisation, so if you do not wish to continue receiving these bulletins you should contact your local IT manager. If you do not know who that is, please send an email to auscert@auscert.org.au and we will forward your request to the appropriate person. NOTE: Third Party Rights This security bulletin is provided as a service to AusCERT's members. As AusCERT did not write the document quoted above, AusCERT has had no control over its content. The decision to follow or act on information or advice contained in this security bulletin is the responsibility of each user or organisation, and should be considered in accordance with your organisation's site policies and procedures. AusCERT takes no responsibility for consequences which may arise from following or acting on information or advice contained in this security bulletin. NOTE: This is only the original release of the security bulletin. It may not be updated when updates to the original are made. If downloading at a later date, it is recommended that the bulletin is retrieved directly from the author's website to ensure that the information is still current. Contact information for the authors of the original document is included in the Security Bulletin above. If you have any questions or need further information, please contact them directly. Previous advisories and external security bulletins can be retrieved from: http://www.auscert.org.au/render.html?cid=1980 =========================================================================== Australian Computer Emergency Response Team The University of Queensland Brisbane Qld 4072 Internet Email: auscert@auscert.org.au Facsimile: (07) 3365 7031 Telephone: (07) 3365 4417 (International: +61 7 3365 4417) AusCERT personnel answer during Queensland business hours which are GMT+10:00 (AEST). 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