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AUSCERT External Security Bulletin Redistribution
ESB-2024.2371
ICS Advisory | ICSA-24-107-02 Electrolink FM/DAB/TV Transmitter
17 April 2024
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AusCERT Security Bulletin Summary
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Product: Electrolink FM/DAB/TV Transmitter
Publisher: ICS-CERT
Operating System: Network Appliance
Resolution: Mitigation
CVE Names: CVE-2024-3741 CVE-2024-22179 CVE-2024-22186
CVE-2024-21872 CVE-2024-21846 CVE-2024-1491
CVE-2024-3742
Original Bulletin:
https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-24-107-02
Comment: CVSS (Max): 8.8 CVE-2024-22186 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
CVSS Source: ICS-CERT
Calculator: https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.1#CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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ICS Advisory (ICSA-24-107-02)
Electrolink FM/DAB/TV Transmitter
Release Date
April 16, 2024
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
o CVSS v3 8.8
o ATTENTION : Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity/public exploits are
available
o Vendor : Electrolink
o Equipment : FM/DAB/TV Transmitter
o Vulnerabilities : Authentication Bypass by Assumed-Immutable Data, Reliance
on Cookies without Validation and Integrity Checking, Missing
Authentication for Critical Function, Cleartext Storage of Sensitive
Information
2. RISK EVALUATION
Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to
obtain full system access, keep the device from transmitting, escalate
privileges, change credentials, and execute arbitrary code.
3. TECHNICAL DETAILS
3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS
The following Electrolink transmitters are affected:
o 10W, 100W, 250W, Compact DAB Transmitter
o 500W, 1kW, 2kW Medium DAB Transmitter
o 2.5kW, 3kW, 4kW, 5kW High Power DAB Transmitter
o 100W, 500W, 1kW, 2kW Compact FM Transmitter
o 3kW, 5kW, 10kW, 15kW, 20kW, 30kW Modular FM Transmitter
o 15W - 40kW Digital FM Transmitter
o BI, BIII VHF TV Transmitter
o 10W - 5kW UHF TV Transmitter
3.2 Vulnerability Overview
3.2.1 Authentication Bypass by Assumed-Immutable Data CWE-302
Electrolink transmitters are vulnerable to an authentication bypass
vulnerability affecting the login cookie. An attacker can set an arbitrary
value except 'NO' to the login cookie and have full system access.
CVE-2024-3741 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score
of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U
/C:N/I:H/A:N ).
A CVSS v4 score has been calculated for CVE-2024-3741 . A base score of 8.7 has
been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/
VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N ).
3.2.2 Authentication Bypass by Assumed-Immutable Data CWE-302
The application is vulnerable to an unauthenticated parameter manipulation that
allows an attacker to set the credentials to blank giving her access to the
admin panel. Also vulnerable to account takeover and arbitrary password change.
CVE-2024-22179 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score
of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U
/C:N/I:H/A:N ).
A CVSS v4 score has been calculated for CVE-2024-22179 . A base score of 8.7
has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/
UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N ).
3.2.3 Reliance on Cookies without Validation and Integrity Checking CWE-565
The application suffers from a privilege escalation vulnerability. An attacker
logged in as guest can escalate his privileges by poisoning the cookie to
become administrator.
CVE-2024-22186 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score
of 8.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U
/C:H/I:H/A:H ).
A CVSS v4 score has been calculated for CVE-2024-22186 . A base score of 8.7
has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/
UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N ).
3.2.4 Reliance on Cookies without Validation and Integrity Checking CWE-565
The device allows an unauthenticated attacker to bypass authentication and
modify the cookie to reveal hidden pages that allows more critical operations
to the transmitter.
CVE-2024-21872 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score
of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U
/C:H/I:N/A:N ).
A CVSS v4 score has been calculated for CVE-2024-21872 . A base score of 8.7
has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/
UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N ).
3.2.5 Missing Authentication for Critical Function CWE-306
An unauthenticated attacker can reset the board and stop transmitter operations
by sending a specially-crafted GET request to the command.cgi gateway,
resulting in a denial-of-service scenario.
CVE-2024-21846 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score
of 5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U
/C:N/I:N/A:L ).
A CVSS v4 score has been calculated for CVE-2024-21846 . A base score of 6.9
has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/
UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N ).
3.2.6 Missing Authentication for Critical Function CWE-306
The devices allow access to an unprotected endpoint that allows MPFS file
system binary image upload without authentication. The MPFS2 file system module
provides a light-weight read-only file system that can be stored in external
EEPROM, external serial flash, or internal flash program memory. This file
system serves as the basis for the HTTP2 web server module, but is also used by
the SNMP module and is available to other applications that require basic
read-only storage capabilities. This can be exploited to overwrite the flash
program memory that holds the web server's main interfaces and execute
arbitrary code.
CVE-2024-1491 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score
of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U
/C:N/I:H/A:N ).
A CVSS v4 score has been calculated for CVE-2024-1491 . A base score of 8.7 has
been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/
VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N ).
3.2.7 Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information CWE-312
Electrolink transmitters store credentials in clear-text. Use of these
credentials could allow an attacker to access the system.
CVE-2024-3742 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score
of 7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U
/C:H/I:N/A:N ).
A CVSS v4 score has been calculated for CVE-2024-3742 . A base score of 8.7 has
been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/
VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N ).
3.3 BACKGROUND
o CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Communications Sector
o COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
o COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Italy
3.4 RESEARCHER
Gjoko Krstic publicly reported these vulnerabilities on the internet after an
unsuccessful attempt to contact Electrolink directly.
4. MITIGATIONS
Electrolink has not responded to requests to work with CISA to mitigate these
vulnerabilities. Users of the affected products are encouraged to contact
Electrolink for additional information.
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of
exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:
o Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems,
ensuring they are not accessible from the internet .
o Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and
isolating them from business networks.
o When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as virtual
private networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and
should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN
is only as secure as the connected devices.
CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk
assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices
on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics . Several CISA products detailing cyber
defense best practices are available for reading and download, including
Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth
Strategies .
CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies
for proactive defense of ICS assets .
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available
on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper,
ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation
Strategies .
Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established
internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation
against other incidents.
No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has
been reported to CISA at this time.
5. UPDATE HISTORY
o April 16, 2024: Initial Publication
This product is provided subject to this Notification and this Privacy & Use
policy.
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