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AUSCERT External Security Bulletin Redistribution
ESB-2021.2215
Advisories (icsa-21-173-02, icsa-21-173-03, icsa-21-173-04)
CODESYS Control V2 product vulnerabilities
23 June 2021
===========================================================================
AusCERT Security Bulletin Summary
---------------------------------
Product: CODESYS V2 web server
CODESYS Control V2 communication
CODESYS Control V2 Linux SysFile library
Publisher: ICS-CERT
Operating System: Windows
Linux variants
Impact/Access: Execute Arbitrary Code/Commands -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Create Arbitrary Files -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Denial of Service -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Access Confidential Data -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Unauthorised Access -- Remote/Unauthenticated
Resolution: Patch/Upgrade
CVE Names: CVE-2021-30195 CVE-2021-30194 CVE-2021-30193
CVE-2021-30192 CVE-2021-30191 CVE-2021-30190
CVE-2021-30189 CVE-2021-30188 CVE-2021-30187
CVE-2021-30186
Original Bulletin:
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-173-02
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-173-03
https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-173-04
Comment: This bulletin contains three (3) ICS-CERT security advisories.
- --------------------------BEGIN INCLUDED TEXT--------------------
ICS Advisory (ICSA-21-173-02)
CODESYS V2 web server
Original release date: June 22, 2021
Legal Notice
All information products included in https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics are provided
"as is" for informational purposes only. The Department of Homeland Security
(DHS) does not provide any warranties of any kind regarding any information
contained within. DHS does not endorse any commercial product or service,
referenced in this product or otherwise. Further dissemination of this product
is governed by the Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) marking in the header. For more
information about TLP, see https://us-cert.cisa.gov/tlp/ .
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
o CVSS v3 9.8
o ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
o Vendor: CODESYS, GmbH
o Equipment: CODESYS V2 web server
o Vulnerabilities: Stack-based Buffer Overflow, Improper Access Control,
Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input, Improperly Implemented Security
Check, Out-of-bounds Write, Out-of-bounds Read
2. RISK EVALUATION
Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities may allow an attacker to read
or write arbitrary memory or files in the CODESYS Control runtime system, cause
invalid memory accesses to execute code, or crash the CODESYS web server or
CODESYS Control runtime system.
3. TECHNICAL DETAILS
3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS
CODESYS reports all CODESYS V2 web servers running stand-alone or as part of
the CODESYS runtime system prior to Version 1.1.9.20 are affected.
3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW
3.2.1 STACK-BASED BUFFER OVERFLOW CWE-121
Crafted web server requests may cause a stack-based buffer overflow. This could
allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the CODESYS web server or
trigger a denial-of-service condition due to a crash in the CODESYS web server.
CVE-2021-30189 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:H/A:H ).
3.2.2 IMPROPER ACCESS CONTROL CWE-284
The user management of the CODESYS v2.3 WebVisu allows user dependent control
of access to the visualization pages. However, subordinate requests to read or
write values are forwarded to the CODESYS Control runtime system regardless of
successful authentication. This enables crafted web server requests to bypass
user management and read or write values on the PLC without authentication.
CVE-2021-30190 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:H/A:H ).
3.2.3 CLASSIC BUFFER OVERFLOW CWE-120
Crafted web server requests can cause an over-read or over-write of a buffer in
the CODESYS web server, which typically leads to a denial-of-service condition.
CVE-2021-30191 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/
C:N/I:N/A:H ).
3.2.4 IMPROPERLY IMPLEMENTED SECURITY CHECK CWE-358
Crafted web server requests can bypass the security checks for boot
project-related files on the CODESYS Control runtime system and be uploaded
from the CODESYS Control runtime system.
CVE-2021-30192 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:H/A:H ).
3.2.5 OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE CWE-787
Crafted web server requests can be utilized to write arbitrary memory in the
CODESYS Control runtime system. This could allow an attacker to execute code on
the CODESYS Control runtime system or cause a denial-of-service condition due
to a crash of the CODESYS Control runtime system.
CVE-2021-30193 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:H/A:H ).
3.2.6 OUT-OF-BOUNDS READ CWE-125
Crafted web server requests can be utilized to read arbitrary memory in the
CODESYS Control runtime system or crash the CODESYS web server.
CVE-2021-30194 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
9.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:N/A:H ).
3.3 BACKGROUND
o CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
o COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
o COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany
3.4 RESEARCHER
Vyacheslav Moskvin, Sergey Fedonin, and Anton Dorfman of Positive Technologies
reported these vulnerabilities to CODESYS.
4. MITIGATIONS
CODESYS GmbH has released Version 1.1.9.20 of the CODESYS V2 web server to
address these vulnerabilities. This version of the CODESYS V2 web server is
also part of the CODESYS Development System setup Version 2.3.9.66
Please visit the CODESYS update area for more information on how to obtain the
software updates.
As part of a security strategy, CODESYS recommends the following general
defense measures to reduce the risk of exploits:
o Use controllers and devices only in a protected environment to minimize
network exposure, ensuring they are not accessible from outside.
o Use firewalls to protect and separate the control system network from other
networks.
o Use VPN (virtual private network) tunnels if remote access is required.
o Activate and apply user management and password features.
o Use encrypted communication links.
o Limit access to both development and control system by physical means,
operating system features, etc.
o Protect both development and control system operations by using up to date
virus detecting solutions.
For more information and general recommendations for protecting machines and
plants, see also the CODESYS Security Whitepaper .
Please see CODESYS Advisory 2021-07 for more information.
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of
exploitation of these vulnerabilities. CISA reminds organizations to perform
proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive
measures.
CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices
on the ICS webpage on us-cert.cisa.gov . Several recommended practices are
available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control
Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies .
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available
on the ICS webpage on us-cert.cisa.gov in the Technical Information Paper,
ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation
Strategies .
Organizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their
established internal procedures and report their findings to CISA for tracking
and correlation against other incidents.
No known public exploits specifically target these vulnerabilities.
For any questions related to this report, please contact the CISA at:
Email: CISAservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov
Toll Free: 1-888-282-0870
CISA continuously strives to improve its products and services. You can help by
choosing one of the links below to provide feedback about this product.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ICS Advisory (ICSA-21-173-03)
CODESYS Control V2 communication
Original release date: June 22, 2021
Legal Notice
All information products included in https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics are provided
"as is" for informational purposes only. The Department of Homeland Security
(DHS) does not provide any warranties of any kind regarding any information
contained within. DHS does not endorse any commercial product or service,
referenced in this product or otherwise. Further dissemination of this product
is governed by the Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) marking in the header. For more
information about TLP, see https://us-cert.cisa.gov/tlp/ .
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
o CVSS v3 9.8
o ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
o Vendor: CODESYS, GmbH
o Equipment: CODESYS V2 Runtime Toolkit, CODESYS PLCWinNT
o Vulnerabilities: Stack-based Buffer Overflow, Heap-based Buffer Overflow,
Improper Input Validation
2. RISK EVALUATION
Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities may cause a heap-based buffer
overflow, a stack-based buffer overflow, or a buffer over-read in the affected
CODESYS products. This could result in a denial-of-service condition or allow
remote code execution.
3. TECHNICAL DETAILS
3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS
CODESYS reports the following CODESYS V2 runtime systems are affected,
regardless of the CPU type or operating system:
o CODESYS Runtime Toolkit 32-bit full prior to v2.4.7.55
o CODESYS PLCWinNT prior to v2.4.7.55
3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW
3.2.1 HEAP-BASED BUFFER OVERFLOW CWE-122
A crafted request may cause a heap-based buffer overflow in the affected
CODESYS products, resulting in a denial-of-service condition.
CVE-2021-30186 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/
C:N/I:N/A:H ).
3.2.2 STACK-BASED BUFFER OVERFLOW CWE-121
A crafted request may cause a stack-based buffer overflow in the affected
CODESYS products, resulting in a denial-of-service condition or remote code
execution.
CVE-2021-30188 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/
C:H/I:H/A:H ).
3.2.3 IMPROPER INPUT VALIDATION CWE-20
A crafted request may cause a buffer over-read in the affected CODESYS
products, resulting in a denial-of-service condition.
CVE-2021-30195 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
7.5 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/
C:N/I:N/A:H ).
3.3 BACKGROUND
o CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
o COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
o COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany
3.4 RESEARCHER
Sergey Fedonin, Denis Goryushev, and Anton Dorfman of Positive Technologies;
and Yossi Reuven of SCADAfence independently reported these vulnerabilities to
CODESYS.
4. MITIGATIONS
CODESYS GmbH has released the following product versions to solve the noted
vulnerability issues for the affected CODESYS products:
o CODESYS Runtime Toolkit 32-bit full v2.4.7.55
o CODESYS PLCWinNT v2.4.7.55. This will also be part of the CODESYS
Development System setup v2.3.9.66
Please visit the CODESYS update area for more information on how to obtain the
software updates.
As part of a security strategy, CODESYS recommends the following general
defense measures to reduce the risk of exploits:
o Use controllers and devices only in a protected environment to minimize
network exposure, ensuring they are not accessible from outside.
o Use firewalls to protect and separate the control system network from other
networks.
o Use VPN (virtual private network) tunnels if remote access is required.
o Activate and apply user management and password features.
o Use encrypted communication links.
o Limit access to both development and control system by physical means,
operating system features, etc.
o Protect both development and control system operations by using up to date
virus detecting solutions.
For more information and general recommendations for protecting machines and
plants, see also the CODESYS Security Whitepaper .
Please see CODESYS Advisory 2021-06 for more information.
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of
exploitation of these vulnerabilities. CISA reminds organizations to perform
proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive
measures.
CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices
on the ICS webpage on us-cert.cisa.gov . Several recommended practices are
available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control
Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies .
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available
on the ICS webpage on us-cert.cisa.gov in the Technical Information Paper,
ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation
Strategies .
Organizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their
established internal procedures and report their findings to CISA for tracking
and correlation against other incidents.
No known public exploits specifically target these vulnerabilities.
For any questions related to this report, please contact the CISA at:
Email: CISAservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov
Toll Free: 1-888-282-0870
CISA continuously strives to improve its products and services. You can help by
choosing one of the links below to provide feedback about this product.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ICS Advisory (ICSA-21-173-04)
CODESYS Control V2 Linux SysFile library
Original release date: June 22, 2021
Legal Notice
All information products included in https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics are provided
"as is" for informational purposes only. The Department of Homeland Security
(DHS) does not provide any warranties of any kind regarding any information
contained within. DHS does not endorse any commercial product or service,
referenced in this product or otherwise. Further dissemination of this product
is governed by the Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) marking in the header. For more
information about TLP, see https://us-cert.cisa.gov/tlp/ .
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
o CVSS v3 5.3
o ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
o Vendor: CODESYS, GmbH
o Equipment: CODESYS V2 Runtime Toolkit
o Vulnerability: OS Command Injection
2. RISK EVALUATION
Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may allow the control programmer
to call additional OS functions from the PLC logic utilizing the SysFile system
library.
3. TECHNICAL DETAILS
3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS
CODESYS reports all runtime systems for Linux based on a CODESYS V2 Runtime
Toolkit 32-bit full prior Version 2.4.7.55 are affected.
3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW
3.2.1 OS COMMAND INJECTION CWE-78
The CODESYS Control runtime system enables embedded or PC-based devices to
operate as programmable industrial controllers. Control programs can access
local or remote input/output (I/O) locations, communication interfaces such as
serial ports or sockets, and local system functions such as the file system,
real-time clock, and other OS functions. An attacker could exploit this
vulnerability to call additional OS functions via the SysFile system library.
CVE-2021-30187 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
5.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is ( AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/
C:L/I:L/A:L ).
3.3 BACKGROUND
o CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Critical Manufacturing
o COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
o COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Germany
3.4 RESEARCHER
Sergey Fedonin and Ivan Kurnak, of Positive Technologies reported this
vulnerability to CODESYS.
4. MITIGATIONS
CODESYS GmbH has released CODESYS Runtime Toolkit 32-bit full Version 2.4.7.55
to solve the noted vulnerability issue for the affected CODESYS products.
Please visit the CODESYS update area for more information on how to obtain
software updates.
As part of a security strategy, CODESYS recommends the following general
defense measures to reduce the risk of exploits:
o Use controllers and devices only in a protected environment to minimize
network exposure, ensuring they are not accessible from outside.
o Use firewalls to protect and separate the control system network from other
networks.
o Use VPN (virtual private network) tunnels if remote access is required.
o Activate and apply user management and password features.
o Use encrypted communication links.
o Limit access to both development and control system by physical means,
operating system features, etc.
o Protect both development and control system operations by using up to date
virus detecting solutions.
For more information and general recommendations for protecting machines and
plants, see also the CODESYS Security Whitepaper .
Please see CODESYS Advisory 2021-08 for more information.
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of
exploitation of this vulnerability. CISA reminds organizations to perform
proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive
measures.
CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices
on the ICS webpage on us-cert.cisa.gov . Several recommended practices are
available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control
Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies .
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available
on the ICS webpage on us-cert.cisa.gov in the Technical Information Paper,
ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation
Strategies .
Organizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their
established internal procedures and report their findings to CISA for tracking
and correlation against other incidents.
No known public exploits specifically target this vulnerability.
For any questions related to this report, please contact the CISA at:
Email: CISAservicedesk@cisa.dhs.gov
Toll Free: 1-888-282-0870
CISA continuously strives to improve its products and services. You can help by
choosing one of the links below to provide feedback about this product.
- --------------------------END INCLUDED TEXT--------------------
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